Varicose veins of the lower limbs: causes and treatment

Video walk, heels, high loads on legs, extra weight, hard work on production and some other factors will affect the blood circulation and the veins. Firstly, there are small cracks, then visible blue veins, then the pain and burning sensation – and all of this leads to the formation of such diseases as varicose veins of the lower extremities.

varicose veins of the limbs

This disease is unfortunately quite common that many people, and you can get it, regardless of age. Already at the first signs of varicose veins, avoiding the need for surgery, you should take care of the health and time to contact a vascular surgeon.

>Cause

Chronic disease, which feature knotty varicose veins are varicose veins of the lower extremities. The veins of the legs are structured in a special valve, through which blood is led upwards so that does not stop. Violation of these valves is a violation of the outflow of blood, it begins to move in the veins in the opposite direction, causes the formation of stagnation, accompanied by several unpleasant symptoms.

Varicose veins doctors is divided into six categories, each of which is accompanied with certain symptoms of venous diseases. Day home varicose veins – this is the normal condition of the feet, without visible irregularities. Diseases of the veins there, but there is heaviness in the legs. First class — when the skin has become
the subtle blue veins, the so-called cosmetic defects. The second class (reticular varicose veins) is a disease of the veins of the previous symptoms along with visible varicose veins. The third disease of the veins is due to the more often regular swelling of the feet. In the fourth stage already show lesions of the skin, visible rash. Fifth grade varicose veins are accompanied by ulcers. Six – the most advanced form of venous disease, when the skin is formed a continuous and non-healing wounds.

General reticular varicose veins in the early stages of the disease, when the legs are subtle veins, radiography of the veins. It brings any discomfort, in addition to the visible cosmetic defect, but requires preventive measures, otherwise the disease may become more late, the symptoms are severe, the consequences are irreversible.

What causes varicose veins? The main reasons varicose veins are 7 factors.

  1. Heredity. If one of the parents has a congenital weakness of the venous wall the risk of developing varicose veins in children is quite high.
  2. Long-wearing high heel shoes.
  3. Hormonal changes (especially in women during pregnancy and menopause).
  4. Age. Varicose veins is more common after age 45, but is 25 and younger.
  5. Unhealthy lifestyle: inactivity, standing in the workplace, a high load on the feet (athletes, porters...).
  6. Overweight.
  7. The presence of chronic liver disease or arteriovenous fistula, signs

As you can see, the formation of varicose veins is possible to predict, which is an advantage. Having an idea of what causes them venous disease, you can prevent its development and complications, taking appropriate preventive measures (massage, gymnastics, physiotherapy).

Symptoms and diagnosis of varicose veins

cause of varicose veins

Identify varicose veins, should pay attention to the signs that you can see or feel. Veins tend to swell and hurt for several reasons, not all of them speaks of the presence of venous disease the venous system. Fatigue is long standing or lying down, wearing a long high or uncomfortable (unstable) high heels and some other factors can affect condition of the feet. After the expansion of the deep veins of the lower extremities the symptoms are visible and permanent. Consider the main.

  1. Cosmetic defect, when the skin under the foot x-rayed or bulging of the complex veins are dark blue or reddish. The skin becomes more dense visible pigment, it loses its elasticity and is a powerful gloss on its surface can be missing hair.
  2. Swelling of the veins in the standing position (horizontal, they take a natural look).
  3. Symptoms of heavy legs, which is systematic and is considered the symptoms in the later stage of varicose veins. It is characterized by such phenomena as:
  • fatigue of the lower limbs, regardless of the degree of load;
  • swelling of the foot/ankle, which occurred on a hot day after a long stay in a standing position or to the end of the working day;
  • cramps in the region of the calf muscles;
  • pain;
  • intense itching, which often occurs at night.

As we have seen, the signs, which can be characterized by varicose veins do not always indicate the presence of varicose veins disease. We should not jump to self conclusions. To make an accurate diagnosis, you should seek professional help from a qualified professional. On the basis of a number of studies confirm or deny the presence of the disease.

The diagnosis of varicose veins of the foot is a vascular surgeon – a doctor dealing with diseases of the circulatory system, veins and blood vessels. The doctor will examine the foot visual and palpation examinations and order additional tests for a more detailed examination.

Diagnosis varicose veins can be produced by the method of duplex scanning or contrast procedure.

  • Ultrasound (duplex scanning) is the most common and informative method of studying the condition of the veins. In this form of research, the expert can see the presence of blood clots, learn the flow direction and patency of blood, with certainty, to identify the degree of dilatation.
  • Contrast venography is based on x-ray. Varicose veins was clearly visible in the picture, they introduced a special substance that makes the blood visible. If the stains, which allows you to see all the contours. This method is rarely used because of the alternative ultrasound is more informative and is completely painless.

Timely diagnosis of varicose veins disease – the opportunity to avoid serious complications, so don't wait for severe symptoms (constant pain, weakness, apparent deterioration of blood and other). Go ahead, pass the necessary examination before without the surgery it is impossible to do!

Treatment of varicose veins in the legs

The treatment of varicose veins can be done in several methods (the choice depends on the age of the patient, the stage of venous disease and presence of complications), which include sclerotherapy, hardware and conservative methods or surgical. The treatment of varicose veins in the legs include: massage, physiotherapy, wearing special stockings and pantyhose, drugs (creams, tablets) and action. Look at each of them.

Conservative treatment of varicose veins

treatment of varicose veins
  1. Compression treatment of venous disease is made using special stockings or elastic bandages, which should be worn during the day, taking off only at night. The material from which made these products have a special structure, improve the blood circulation and tightens the veins themselves. Constant wearing of these compression socks (for Golf, tights) to relieve the symptoms of varicose veins and slowly progressive disease. Elastic bandages should be wound in the leg in a spiral fashion, starting from the base of the toes, so that each successive turn overlaps the first (about half of its full width). When choosing compression stockings should choose the right size.
  2. Pneumatic massage also refers to the easy treatment of varicose veins. The massage is performed using a special device, which is made of needed blood flow for a business. Before the procedure the patient's foot to put on the cuff, inside of which the pressure of the injected air.

Drug treatment of varicose veins

Tablets, creams, gels – their medications that can be prescribed by a doctor to remove the symptoms and treatment of varicose veins without surgery.

Important: do not self-medicate! Please contact a specialist for a correct diagnosis and prescribed a really effective way.

The main effective drugs against diseases of the vein, are divided into groups.

  1. Leading means. Increase the tone of blood vessels, improve blood circulation, reduce swelling, reduce the pain.
  2. Anti-inflammatory drugs have pain-relieving properties, which are used in decongestants funds.
  3. Medications, blood thinners, against the formation of clots, is preformed or injectable means.

Among the many methods of treatment for varicose disease is a painless procedures, which are alternative medical methods or surgical procedures. These are the traditional and modern.

  1. Treatment with leeches applied in practice for a long time. The effect of this technique is that the process of sucking blood, leeches emit a special substance that helps to liquefy blood clots.
  2. Sclerotherapy (bloodless removal of varicose veins). The principle of this method consists in the use of advanced I took "glue" substances. Through this action, the patient's extended Vienna no longer participate in the bloodstream and becomes invisible — the blood moves through a healthy system, to avoid the troublesome vein. In sclerotherapy is provided by the right "nutrition" healthy veins. This method of treatment is good in the early stages of varicose veins (the possibility of its application depends on the width of the vessel lumen) and is advantageous because it does not require repetition. Injections have become one time, the visible results are achieved after a few tens of days.
  3. Method for the treatment of varicose veins with laseris quite effective, especially when combined with other methods.

It is also unconventional methods to get rid of varicose veins, however, use quite dangerous, because you can only hurt. Even the wrong massage can have a negative effect on the condition of the circulatory system in the legs.

Surgical treatment of varicose veins

In cases where varicose veins in the lower extremities impossible to remove the above-mentioned conservative methods, doctors prescribe surgical treatment. This usually applies to late stages of varicose veins to the current complications.

Surgery is an effective method for the treatment of varicose veins, but such a measure is drastic, it should be resorted to only in extreme cases when other methods do not give the desired result.

During surgical procedures the doctor makes small incisions on the skin. Through them he carefully removes the diseased veins. After surgery my foot put a bandage should not be tight. For some time (2-4 hours) the patient can stand and move independently.

A surgical method for varicose veins – procedure, which (in most cases) is to be avoided, but do not be afraid, if your doctor has prescribed this treatment. There are methods that are less painful, after which there is practically no discomfort. For example, arthroscopy is performed one day in the hospital, and phlebectomy is performed without incisions.

Gymnastics and prevention of venous disease

prevention of varicose veins

Varicose veins of the lower extremities may occur the symptoms, but does not interfere with normal life, but do not neglect the first signs of venous disease in the initial stage of varicose veins or prevent varicose veins, it is recommended to perform a number of exercises.

They can be made at any time and in convenient, the advice and the director completely voluntary. Do everything carefully, following the directions without straining. Do not overdo it, because the legs should be fine, and not as "taut string".

05.03.2019