Despite medical advances, surgical treatment is the only way to get rid of varicose veins. Therapeutic methods are effective only at the beginning of the disease, but they are only a supporting character. Today minimally invasive surgery is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require a long recovery. And even the traditional phlebectomy is performed using the improved method.
Varicose veins are accompanied by painful symptoms and psychological discomfort caused by cosmetic defects. And suffer it in the first place for women. Drugs will not help restore stretched inflamed veins of the lost functions, in particular 3. and 4. stages of the disease. The only way to restore normal foot circulation is an operation for varicose veins. If you do not remove the affected vein, do not avoid the complications of thrombosis and venous disorders.
The need for surgery for varicose veins on the legs is determined individually. The choice of technique depends on the extent of damage, age of the patient, the occurrence of comorbidities. Matters, even the weight of the patient. If any symptoms, surgical intervention:
A doctor can decide if surgery for varicose veins complicated by several vascular diseases or other underlying diseases, eg, acute thrombophlebitis.
Even low-traumatic surgery makes it absolutely safe. Before making a decision the vascular surgeon will examine the patient's history and topics. Surgical treatment is unacceptable for the following diseases:
Prevent surgery is pregnancy and period of lactation, high obesity, age more than 75 years. You can work with the patient to bed or with limited mobility.
The current clinical practice of surgical treatment of varicose veins is performed in several ways. The task of the surgeon is to prevent blood flow in the affected vessels, their removal using special hardware micro surgery. Modern surgery for varicose veins is minimal intervention with a good cosmetic effect.
Sclerotherapy refers to non-surgical methods to treat varicose veins. If it is done in the early stages of the disease, the result is a complete cure. In the later stages it is combined with other surgery.
As a separate technique of sclerotherapy is used for small branched surface vessels. During surgery the large veins are removed a small branch of the remote into the veins at the final stage. A variety of sclerotherapy:
This procedure does not leave traces on the skin, which is its obvious advantage. The disadvantages are the possibility of recurrence of the disease, because the lumen of the vein may not close completely.
Laser coagulation of blood vessels — another minimally invasive way to treat varicose veins. Its advantage consists in the possibility of operating also in the presence of trophic ulcers. There are two methods of laser photocoagulation, percutaneous and Transcutaneous. to remove spider veins. This method is used only on vessels having no more than 3 mm in diameter. The laser beam, avoiding skin, which heats the capillary 70°C. They grow together, the blood flow stops. The restricted behavior of intravascular laser coagulation is the diameter of the vein — it should be no more than 1 cm, the Procedure is the following:
The whole operation takes no more than 45 minutes. As echo sclerotherapy is performed under ultrasound control. The period of rehabilitation (up to complete disappearance of traces and blood vessels) takes one and a half months. The first five days you need to wear a compression garment and comply with all recommendations of the doctor.
Using endovascular electrocoagulation to achieve the same effect as when it is exposed to the laser. Coagulation and destruction of the vessel used for the electrodes is connected to a generator of high frequency current. The technology is there, because in the middle of the last century, is considered obsolete and is rarely used in modern clinical practice.
Removal of varicose veins using low temperature is almost not practiced in our country. For cryosurgery requires expensive equipment and highly trained specialists. Only in this way can we guarantee the full safety of operation. The operating principle is similar to laser coagulation, the vessel is removed from the circulatory system through the obliterated.
Sometimes it is impossible to restrict remove only the main saphenous veins, remove venous relief. This requires stopping the blood flow in the veins connecting superficial vessels to the deep. Such an operation for varicose veins necessary when the permanent trophic changes. The procedure is endoscopic intervention, which requires only a small incision in the upper part of the Shin. The intersection of the vessel is performed under ultrasound-scissors. Today the endoscopic procedure is also not popular, such as electrocoagulation. It will gradually replace the current non-invasive techniques.
Stripping-saving operation for varicose veins. Removal of the diseased vein is completely or just the affected area is performed through small incisions using special tools — a special sensor. Incisions are made slightly below the groin and the knee or above the ankle and in the popliteal fossa. Vienna incision at both ends and tied off, and the affected area is picked. The operation is performed under local anesthesia and takes about one and a half hours. It allows you to remove the diseased vessel, regardless of its length and diameter. Modern phlebology to use a special kind of action — pulling the veins through the holes.
The method of radiofrequency ablation of the doctors quoted in cardiothoracic surgical practice. This destruction of the vessel under the influence of high-frequency current that creates a temperature up to 120°C. in Order not to damage the surrounding tissue around the vessel specific anesthetic drug to form a "water bed". One pulse gives the opportunity to deal with the 7 cm of the vein. The device is equipped with automatic temperature control of the vessel and adjust the flow of energy.
Surgery involves ligation of the veins of the lower Leg. It is carried out using a small thin incision using endoscopy equipment. Indications for surgical intervention in the later stages of varicose veins:
Operation of Muller, or mini-phlebectomy, is used in the treatment of thrombosis and severe varicose veins. Through small incisions in the referenced troublesome vein. The incisions are sewn not and pulled together a band-aid, so after surgery, the skin does not remain traces. Surgery Muller is considered one of the best ways to surgical treatment of varicose veins, as after that, it is almost no recurrence of the disease.
One of the most effective and the most popular surgical removal of varicose veins in the legs — combined phlebectomy. Its stages are the different stages of the disease is used as independent methods of treatment:
Before use make sure that the research has been carried out. The aim of diagnostics is to determine the General condition of the patient. This is done in the laboratory. Establish the degree of dilatation and the localization of the area to be removed, to help the Doppler ultrasound examination. In some cases, is connected to a computer or magnetic resonance tomography.
Minimally invasive surgeries done without special training. If you are going to combined action, before the patient is recommended to eat a light dinner (no later than 6 PM) and do a cleansing enema. Selection of support socks are made in advance. Surgery of varicose veins of the lower extremities performed on an empty stomach preliminary ultrasound examination of the veins to be removed.
Surgery to get rid of varicose veins on the legs are supposed to eliminate gastroesophageal reflux (retrograde reflux of venous blood). The application of modern technology, even if combined with phlebectomy today is done in the hospital one day, that is, the patient is discharged home the next day after surgery. In this case, General anesthesia is not required. If there is extensive intervention, the patient is given general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia (be put to sleep only the lower part of the body). The hospital is 1-2 weeks.
The first stage of the blood flow in the the view of the saphenous vein by connecting or cross the confluence of deep vein thrombosis. Depending on the localization of the affected area, the incision in the groin or in the popliteal fossa.
After crossing the cannula through a vein exported the catheter is removed. Usually limited to the femoral site (short of Stripping), because most often those who suffer. Removing the sensor is considered to be the most reliable way. You can do this, the area of the ankle or the upper part of the Shin is made of a second surgery. Probe the cutting tool eventually passes through one of the holes in the sky through the second. Eventually, the vein is attached to the tool, and it is extracted to the outside. A more gentle technique of PIN Stripping. Eventually the patient's vein is attached to the threads of the vessel wall, and the surgeon pulls out, twisting inside.
In the next stage of the operation is the ligation of perforating veins. If they are small, they have a common muscle fascia is cut. This is to avoid visible cosmetic defects. If the damage is a number, the doctor has to cut the muscles, which gives a more stable result. The use of endoscopic procedures will allow you to do the surgery is less traumatic, but it is not all clinics, because it requires complex, expensive equipment.
Supplement combined action of the mini-phlebectomy, allows for removal of visible blood vessels strain. The following mark on the skin, the surgeon through small holes, eliminating small veins. The action ends with sutures and elastic bandages.
