Causes and symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities

Varicose veins, which many nodes cover the surface of the foot, is not only an aesthetic defect, but also a serious pathological condition. Ignoring the first symptoms of varicose veins, one finds quite quickly feel the discomfort of the disease. Time signals will become only more obvious as of late introduced preventive measures do not bring relief. If the first manifestation of pathology can be eliminated with conservative, the latter stages, often have to resort to surgery.

Definition and characteristics of development

Below varicose veins of the lower extremities implies a sustainable change of the width of these formations, caused by violation of the process of blood circulation in the improper functioning of the venous valves. Simply put, it is visually noticeable bulging of veins above the surface of the skin of the feet as a result of stretching the walls and filling the cavities full of blood. It can be caused genetically (special construction type vessels), or under the influence of external factors that lead to deterioration of the valve device.

According to statistics, varicose veins are of varying degrees occur in 15% of the world population. People over the age of 70 years the disease occurs in 70% of cases. Women more susceptible to the disease than men, because of the peculiarities of the body structure. They are symptoms of the condition is detected 5 times more often. If the disease is detected early, it can be successfully fought. Running steps are often transferred to thrombophlebitis (inflammation of vein walls and blockage of their lumen of blood clotting), which is treated primarily by surgery.

The stage of the disease and characteristic symptoms

The development of varicose veins usually affects the superficial veins of the leg, deeply located vessels in the pathological process involved is very rare. The disease can take decades, so that significant changes in the patient's condition.

Clinical speaking about the development of varicose veins, which is characterized by the following symptoms:

• The appearance of heaviness of the lower limbs on the background of fatigue.
• The skin of the foot is formed, spider veins, dilated capillaries is presented.
• The calf seems to be "crammed" inside.
• Marked tenderness in the tissues of the limbs, the unpleasant burning sensation.
• Eventually join the night cramps, chronic swelling in the legs and shins.
• Varicose veins, which is visible to the naked eye. The formation of writhing and bulging above the skin surface vessels, large venous nodes.
• Sharp pain in the foot even after a short walk.
• The appearance of age spots, or a General cyanosis of the skin.

These symptoms of varicose veins are especially pronounced in hot weather, in the evening, although the foot does not become a serious burden. Stable, change the color of the tissues showing the transition process in the chronic stage. The lack of treatment in this case is filled with venous ulcers.

The pathology consists of the following steps:

1. In the initial stage (the compensation period), is the first characteristic signs of varicose veins in the form of spider veins. Appeal no.
2. In the second stage can be identified by the appearance of dilated visible blood vessels on the background of swelling of the legs and recurrent night pain.
3. In the third stage (through failure) is characterized by increased severity of symptoms. The skin of the poor, views of night cramps, muscle "bursting", legs tired quickly.
4. In the fourth stage (decompensation) can be identified by the pronounced and persistent swelling, acute pain and itching in the tissues, regular seizures, a strong change in the width of the blood vessels. Can be indications of trophic ulcers and thrombophlebitis.

The gradual progression of the varicose veins will not only produce a lot of unpleasant moments and change the usual way of life, but dangerous and has serious consequences. When thrombosis occurs, the risk of loosening blood clots subsequent blockage of the lumen of the pulmonary artery. Violation of the integrity of swollen veins accompanied by abundant bleeding that can't be stopped without professional help.

The principal and secondary causes of the pathology

The first signs of varicose veins are the result of reduced elasticity of blood vessel walls. They stretch under pressure the blood, which gives the reverse current, due to the reduction of the function of the valves. The background to the development of venous insufficiency inflamed. This is due to the fact that the white blood cells that have spread to organs and systems stay in the "nodes", which is located along the veins. The result is the formation of trophic ulcers on the surface of the foot.

The main causes of these processes can be divided into three groups:

1. Problems with blood clotting. Excessive condensation liquid connective tissue may be due to hormonal interference in the natural (failures in glands) or synthetic (oral contraceptives, hormonal preparations). Varicose veins the background concentration in the blood is often observed in certain cardiac arrhythmias. The weakened heart muscle is unable to cope with the work, and the liquid begins to flow through the vessels more slowly, which affects its consistency.
2. Consequences of violation of the integrity of the vascular wall. Thinning of the venous walls, due to autoimmune disease leads to its rapid or slow destruction. No less dangerous for foot injuries (wounds, bullet and stab wounds, bites), which leads to scarring of the blood vessel walls. Connective tissue formation disrupt the normal blood circulation, which negatively affects the tissue, which causes their file extension.
3. Pathological pressure of the tissues near the. Regular formation of edema leads to a reduction in space and filled with lymph. So there are areas of increased pressure in the blood vessels. As a result, the lack of oxygen and nutrients to the beginnings of the death of tissue, which can cause venous ulcers. This scenario is considered the most dangerous and requires a response as soon as came first, even the subjective symptoms of varicose veins in the legs.

Based on the mechanism of development of disease, varices usually occur under the influence of the following factors:

• Congenital underdevelopment of the valvular or the walls of blood vessels, genetic predisposition blockage in the veins of the lower extremities.
• Swelling of the legs and abdomen, fistulas in the blood vessels.
• The history of endocrine diseases, thrombophlebitis, injuries of the lower limbs, rheumatoid arthritis or osteoporosis.
• Lung disease and constipation. These conditions lead to an increase in abdominal pressure, which triggers the symptoms of the disease.
• Stagnant fluids and blood in the lower extremities because of lack of exercise. The negative point is the opposite condition – the constant presence of foot, for example, because of the nature of the profession.
• Obesity, and at any stage.
• Violation of the basics of good nutrition. The elasticity and strength of the vein walls in the legs a significant negative effect on fat and high-calorie foods, lack of dietary fiber.
• Smoking and drinking alcohol. Under the action of the first harmful addiction is a narrowing of the blood vessels, which further slows blood flow. Alcohol also initiate the process, tissue damage.
• Wearing tight clothing leads to pressure vessels of the feet and heels prevents the natural flow of blood and fluid.

Appeared symptoms of varicose veins are a sign of a mandatory assessment, nutrition, day-care, physical activity and Overall fitness. To identify the factors that cause the problem and their resolution – a prerequisite for effective treatment.

Effective prevention of the condition

Experts identify a number of functions, which can prevent pathological changes in the vessels of the legs. These are:

1. Maintain an active lifestyle and sports bias binding. As effectively as possible in this regard, are swimming and Cycling.
2. Sedentary work is necessary every 45-60 minutes to organize the training of the lower limbs and body.
3. When standing, such as fatigue in the leg muscles on a regular basis to give them a rest, placing a high position relative to the lower part of the body.
4. Obesity is rarely complete without varicose veins, so you need to carefully monitor their weight.
5. Don't overuse hot tub, a steam room, and a sauna.
6. At least once a year to visit a doctor.

If you suspect the development of varicose veins is better to go to a doctor and get professional advice and not to delay the time, using special tools without a diagnosis.